Who offers is not necessarily who does
Vive Cabeceiras · Refojos · interpretação histórica da doação medieval

An inscription can also give work to historians.

The study published in Portvgalia magazine in 1995 explains an old confusion: D. Gueda Mendes was taken by goldsmiths, when the inscription should be understood as a reference to who ordered the play. The chalice is associated with 1152, but the study does not confirm whether the donor still lived on that date or whether the order fulfilled a testamentary disposition. The story of the object therefore includes certainties and open questions.

Sources and context
Portvgalia, new series, volume XVI (1995) — study of medieval goldsmithry, analysis of the cup of Refojos
https://ler.letras.up.pt/uploads/ficheiros/3833.pdf
Accessed: 2026-11-07
Machado de Castro National Museum — Cup, collection form at Google Arts & Culture
https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/c%C3%A1lice-autor-desconhecido/9QHgUZ7fJmxzOQ?hl=pt-PT
Accessed: 2026-11-07

Editorial summary. The date of consultation is not the date of the facts.
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